The Ford Flathead V8 engine, also known as the Ford L-head or simply the Flathead, is one of the most iconic engines in automotive history. Introduced in 1932, the Flathead V8 was the first mass-produced V8 engine, making V8 power accessible to the average consumer. This article explores the specifications, performance, and legacy of the Ford Flathead V8 engine.
Specifications of the Ford Flathead V8
Here are the key specifications of the Ford Flathead V8 engine:
| Specification | Value |
|---|---|
| Configuration | V8, side-valve (flathead) |
| Displacement | 221 cu in (3.6 L) to 337 cu in (5.5 L) |
| Bore | 3.06 inches (77.7 mm) to 3.30 inches (83.8 mm) |
| Stroke | 3.75 inches (95.3 mm) to 4.00 inches (101.6 mm) |
| Compression Ratio | 6.2:1 to 7.5:1 |
| Power Output | 65 hp (48 kW) to 160 hp (119 kW) |
| Torque | 110 lb-ft (149 Nm) to 275 lb-ft (373 Nm) |
| Fuel System | Carbureted |
| Cooling System | Water-cooled |
| Ignition System | Distributor-based |
| Block Material | Cast iron |
| Head Material | Cast iron |
| Weight | 525 lbs (238 kg) to 700 lbs (318 kg) |
| Fuel Type | Gasoline |
| Oil Capacity | 5 quarts (4.7 liters) |
Ford Flathead V8 Performance
The Ford Flathead V8 offers a range of performance characteristics that made it a popular choice for various applications:
- Smooth Power Delivery: The flathead design allows for smooth power delivery, making it suitable for both passenger cars and trucks.
- Torque: The engine is known for its strong low-end torque, which is beneficial for acceleration and heavy-duty applications.
- Simplicity: The flathead design is relatively simple, making the engine easy to maintain and repair.
- Durability: Built with robust materials, the Flathead V8 is known for its durability and long service life.
Ford Flathead V8 Variants
The Ford Flathead V8 engine came in several variants over its production run, catering to different needs and applications:
- 221 cu in (3.6 L) V8: The original Flathead V8 introduced in 1932, producing 65 horsepower.
- 239 cu in (3.9 L) V8: Introduced in 1939, this variant produced up to 100 horsepower and was widely used in Ford’s passenger cars and trucks.
- 255 cu in (4.2 L) V8: Used in Mercury vehicles, producing up to 125 horsepower.
- 337 cu in (5.5 L) V8: Used in Ford’s heavy trucks and Lincoln vehicles, producing up to 160 horsepower.
Ford Flathead V8 Applications
The Ford Flathead V8 engine was used in a wide range of vehicles, reflecting its versatility and popularity:
- Ford Model 18: The first vehicle to feature the Flathead V8, introduced in 1932.
- Ford Deluxe and Super Deluxe: Popular passenger cars from the late 1930s to the early 1940s.
- Mercury Eight: Mid-range cars that featured the larger 255 cu in V8 engine.
- Ford F-Series Trucks: Early Ford trucks, benefiting from the Flathead’s torque and reliability.
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Ford Flathead V8 Maintenance
For vintage vehicle enthusiasts and restorers, the Ford Flathead V8 remains a popular choice:
- Parts Availability: Many parts are still available through specialized suppliers and vintage parts dealers. Commonly replaced parts include gaskets, pistons, and bearings.
- Engine Overhaul: Overhauling a Flathead V8 involves a thorough inspection and replacement of worn components, often restoring the engine to like-new condition.
- Modern Upgrades: Some restorers opt to add modern upgrades, such as improved ignition systems or performance carburetors, to enhance reliability and performance while maintaining the engine’s vintage character.
Ford Flathead V8 Price
New or Overhauled Engines
- New Engines: Finding a brand-new Ford Flathead V8 engine is extremely rare, as these engines have not been in production for decades. If a new old stock (NOS) engine is found, it could be very expensive, potentially ranging from $15,000 to $25,000 or more.
- Overhauled Engines: Overhauled or rebuilt Ford Flathead V8 engines are more common. These engines have been disassembled, cleaned, inspected, and reassembled with new or refurbished parts to restore them to good working condition. The price for an overhauled Flathead V8 typically ranges from $7,000 to $15,000, depending on the quality of the overhaul, the specific variant, and any included warranties.
Used Engines
- Good Condition: Used Ford Flathead V8 engines in good, running condition can be priced between $3,000 and $7,000. These engines are generally ready to be installed and used but may not have the same lifespan or reliability as an overhauled engine.
- Fair Condition/Project Engines: Engines that are in fair condition or considered project engines (requiring significant work to become operational) can be found for $1,000 to $3,000. These engines may need substantial investment in terms of parts, labor, and expertise to restore.
Parts and Components
- Individual Parts: For those looking to repair or rebuild an existing Ford Flathead V8 engine, individual parts can be sourced from specialized suppliers. Prices for parts vary widely depending on the specific component and its condition. Common parts like pistons, gaskets, and carburetors can range from a few hundred to several thousand dollars.
- Rebuild Kits: Complete rebuild kits, which include a comprehensive set of parts needed for an overhaul, can cost between $1,500 and $3,000, depending on the supplier and the completeness of the kit.
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